THE HILLSBOROUGH STADIUM DISASTER 15 APRIL 1989 INQUIRY BY THE RT HON LORD JUSTICE TAYLOR INTERIM REPORT Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department by Command of Her Majesty August 1989 LONDON HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE CONTENTS This work is licensed under the United Kingdom Open Government Licence v1.0 . The Hillsborough disaster was a fatal human crush during a football match at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, on 15 April 1989. [46]:138140 Others who did leave their vehicles were then faced with the obstacles inherent in placing distance between themselves and their equipment. Duckenfield took medical retirement on a full police pension. Duckenfield admitted that he had lied in certain statements regarding the causes of the disaster. It entered the UK Singles Chart at number 1 on 20May, and remained at the top of the chart for three weeks. Mackrell pleaded not guilty to the two charges against him. [263] Chris Horrie estimated in 2014 that the tabloid's owners had lost 15million per month since the disaster, in 1989 prices. This included the Wolverhampton-based Express & Star, which reported that the match had been cancelled as a result of a "pitch invasion in which many fans were injured". Over 4,000 were still outside, crammed tightly around the turnstiles and in the holding area. Inquests into the deaths were opened and adjourned immediately after the disaster. [278] Everton F.C. No formal pleas were taken from the other four defendants. A combination of economic misfortuneits docks were, fundamentally, on the wrong side of England when Britain entered what is now the European Unionand an excessive predilection for welfarism have created a peculiar, and deeply unattractive, psyche among many Liverpudlians. Their views were not "the maverick view from a disaffected minority but the considered opinion of the majority of professionals present from the outset". Williams was portrayed by Maxine Peake, whose performance was described in The Guardian as "almost unwatchably intense".[327]. [322], The American sports network ESPN produced the documentary Hillsborough as part of its 30 for 30 series of sports films (under a new "Soccer Stories" subdivision). Club Secretary Graham Mackrell faced a charge of breaching the Safety at Sports Ground Act 1975. Holes in the perimeter fencing were made by fans desperately attempting to rescue others. [159], Kelvin MacKenzie, who wrote the now-infamous "The Truth" front page for the Sun, said that although he was "duped" into publishing his story, that his "heart goes out" to the families of those affected, saying that "It's quite clear today the fans had nothing to do with it". Devine died in 2021, as a consequence of the injuries sustained at Hillsborough, with his death being ruled by the coroner to have been an unlawful killing, raising the total death toll of the disaster to 97.[73][74][75]. close panel. [132] They also called for prosecutions for unlawful killing, corporate manslaughter and perversion of the course of justice in respect of the actions of the police both in causing the disaster and covering up their actions; and in respect of Sheffield Wednesday FC, Sheffield Council and the Football Association for their various responsibilities for providing, certifying and selecting the stadium for the fatal event. [266] Following the second inquest in 2016, The Sun's eighth and ninth pages carried images of the 96 victims and an editorial which apologised "unreservedly", saying "the police smeared [supporters] with a pack of lies which in 1989 the Sun and other media swallowed whole". [13][1][4][254] The Guardian later wrote that "The claim that supporters higher up the Leppings Lane terrace had urinated on police pulling bodies out of the crush appeared to have roots in the fact that those who were dying or sustaining serious injuries suffered compression asphyxia and many involuntarily urinated, vomited and emptied their bowels as they were crushed. [93] The two publications together became known as the Taylor Report.[6]. A Leeds fan described disorganisation at the turnstiles and no steward or police direction inside the stadium, resulting in the crowd in one enclosure becoming so compressed he was at times unable to raise and clap his hands. The Liverpool manager, Rafael Bentez, set 96 balloons free. I bent down to kiss and talk to [my son] and as we stood up there was a policeman who came from behind me . [4] Private prosecutions brought by the Hillsborough Families Support Group against Duckenfield and his deputy Bernard Murray failed in 2000. Liverpool won the match by four goals to nil.[237]. FA backed Aleksander Ceferin for Uefa re-election weeks after Paris The film was aired for the first time in 1996, and has been shown four times since then: in 1998, in 2009, in September 2012 (shortly after the release of the findings of the Hillsborough Independent Panel), and again on 1May 2016 on ITV. [53] Anfield stadium was opened on the Sunday to allow fans to pay tribute to the dead. [66][67], By the disaster's 10th anniversary in 1999, at least three people who survived were known to have taken their own lives. [26] This 1981 change and other later changes to the stadium invalidated the stadium's safety certificate. 's The Den being the first new stadium to be built that fulfilled the recommendations. [174][175][176][177][178] On 16 October 2012, the Attorney General announced in Parliament he had applied to have the original inquests verdicts quashed, arguing it proceeded on a false basis and evidence now to hand required this exceptional step. How and when all 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster died [99] However, on the day of the disaster, "by 2:52pm when gate C was opened, pens 3 and 4 were over-full [] to allow any more into those pens was likely to cause injuries; to allow in a large stream was courting disaster". [51], Condolences flooded in from across the world, led by the Queen. [273][274][275][276][277], However, on Sky News, The Sun's Political Editor Tom Newton Dunn defended this decision, saying: "I don't think it should all be about The Sunit was not us who committed Hillsborough. I have come to the clear conclusion that there is no basis upon which there should be a further Judicial Inquiry or a reopening of Lord Taylor's Inquiry. 26 April 2016. A total of 42 ambulances arrived at the stadium. [195], At a trial preparation hearing at Preston Crown Court on 10September 2018, Duckenfield pleaded not guilty to all 95 charges against him. After an initial rush, thousands of supporters entered the stadium "steadily at a fast walk". The Hillsborough disaster was a fatal human crush during a football match at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, on 15 April 1989. The Leppings Lane end of the ground did not hold a valid safety certificate at the time of the disaster; it had not been updated since 1979. Twenty-three years ago I was handed a piece of copy from a reputable news agency in Sheffield, in which a senior police officer and a senior local MP were making serious allegations against fans in the stadium. [138] The Home Secretary called for investigations into law-breaking and promised resources to investigate individual or systematic issues. Is there, perhaps, a lesson there for the Hillsborough campaigners? [241] As well as The Sun's 19 April 1989 "The Truth" article (see below) other newspapers published similar allegations; the Daily Star headline on the same day reported "Dead fans robbed by drunk thugs"; the Daily Mail accused the Liverpool fans of being "drunk and violent and their actions were vile", and The Daily Express ran a story alleging that "Police saw 'sick spectacle of pilfering from the dying'." He was omitted from the first team squad and never played for the club in any capacity again. 14 in the UK charts.[229]. [140][141][142] Bettison denied the claim, and other allegations about his conduct, saying:[143]. [32], Meanwhile, Hillsborough was accepted as the FA Cup semi-final venue on 20 March 1989 by the Football Association. [128], The evidence it released online included altered police reports. Two British stage plays also dealt with the disaster with different view points: On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It's too little, too late. [64], In May 1989, a charity version of the Gerry and the Pacemakers song "Ferry Cross the Mersey" was released in aid of those affected. [261][262] The Financial Times reported in 2019 that Merseyside sales were estimated to drop from 55,000 per day to 12,000 per day, an 80% decrease. It occurred during an FA Cup semi-final between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest in the two standing-only central pens in the Leppings Lane stand allocated to Liverpool supporters. [313] In another letter written to a Liverpool supporter, also written in 1996, Ingham remarked that people should "shut up about Hillsborough". The disaster took place on April 15, 1989 - so today marks 33 years since the incident. No known minutes exist of this meeting. Why are we treated like animals?' Preview of my documentary about the effects since the hillsborough disaster regarding safety at football matches.Full Documentary at;http://video.google.co.u. But it didn't cause the disaster any more than the sunny day that encouraged people to linger outside the stadium as kick off approached. [184][185][186], Home Secretary Theresa May announced on 18December 2012 that a new police inquiry would be initiated to examine the possibility of charging agencies other than the police over the Hillsborough deaths. Finally, seven turnstiles (lettered A to G) provided access to 10,100 standing places in the lower tier of the West Stand. A headstone at the junction of Middlewood Road, Leppings Lane and Wadsley Lane, near the ground and by the. On Question Time the next year, MacKenzie publicly repeated the claims he said at the dinner; he said that he believed some of the material they published in The Sun but was not sure about all of it. [165] During the inquests, Duckenfield confirmed that he became a Freemason in 1975 and became Worshipful Master of his local lodge in 1990, a year after the disaster; following this revelation, Freemasons were forbidden to take part in the IPCC investigation and Operation Resolve as civilian investigators to prevent any perceived bias. Nottingham Forest supporters were allocated the South Stands and Spion Kop[a] on the east end, with a combined capacity of 29,800, reached by 60 turnstiles spaced along two sides of the ground. Just one person has been convicted for anything related to the Hillsborough disaster: Graham Mackrell, the then Sheffield Wednesday secretary, of a safety offence, for which he was fined. [316], In March 2018, British clothing retailer Topman marketed a T-shirt which was interpreted by members of the public, including relatives of Hillsborough victims, as mocking the disaster. [13] Public anger over the actions of their force during the second inquests led to the suspension of the SYP chief constable, David Crompton, following the verdict. The findings concluded that 164 witness statements had been altered. His column in The Sunday Times on 23 April 1989, included the text:[280]. 'Why us? The ceremony was held on the Spion Kop Battlefield which gave its name to the Kop Stand at Anfield. Many uninjured fans assisted the injured; several attempted CPR and others tore down advertising hoardings to use as stretchers. "[272] Trevor Kavanagh, the political editor at the time of the Hillsborough disaster, said that he was "not sorry at all" about the reporting and supported his former boss Kelvin MacKenzie, stating that "we were clearly misled about the events and the authorities, including the police, actively concealed the truth". The entrance is formed of only seven turnstiles, at the top of a bottleneck-shaped road. The Gymnasium", "Hillsborough Drama Shown Again on ITV Tonight at 10:20pm", "ESPN's Hillsborough documentary can't be aired in the United Kingdom thanks to British laws", "Anne review Maxine Peake exudes raw horror in extraordinary Hillsborough drama", "The investigation of the Hillsborough Disaster by the Health and Safety Executive", The Hillsborough Stadium Disaster, 15 April 1989: Inquiry by the Rt. [4] Prosecutor Alun Jones told the court that Duckenfield gave the order to open the gates so that hundreds of fans could be herded onto the already crowded terraces at the stadium. People are very upset by it. In July 1992, the government announced a relaxation of the regulation for the lower two English leagues (known now as League One and League Two). The T-shirt was red with white details like a Liverpool shirt, and had the number 96 on the back like a football shirt, with the text "Karma" and "What goes around comes back around", and a white rose, as associated with Yorkshire. We had the media against us, as well as the establishment. Hillsborough hosted five FA Cup semi-finals in the 1980s. When was the Hillsborough Disaster and how many people died? The Crown Prosecution Service subsequently dropped all charges against one of the defendants. Share page. the total attitude was, youve identified number 33 so go! Nor do I consider that there is any justification for setting up any further inquiry into the performance of the emergency and hospital services. [219] A candle was lit for each of the 96 victims. This was unlikely at the beginning of a match. A further 20 were from counties adjacent to Merseyside. Sheffield Wednesday was also criticised for the inadequate number of turnstiles at the Leppings Lane end and the poor quality of the crush barriers on the terraces, "respects in which failure by the Club contributed to this disaster". [46]:149 Out of this number, two managed of their own accord to make their way onto the pitchwhile a third ambulance made its way onto the pitch at the direction of DCAO Hopkins, who felt its visibility might allay crowd concerns. Hillsborough trial: 'Not enough' turnstiles at stadium - BBC News [108] In England and Wales all-seating is a requirement of the Premier League[109] and of the Football League for clubs who have been present in the Championship for more than three seasons. A lengthier apology was published online. That it might so occur was foreseeable". The Hillsborough Stadium Disaster Interim Report - Wikisource [T]he police case was to blame the fans for being late and drunk, and to blame the Club for failing to monitor the pens. The jury found they did not contribute to the danger unfolding at the turnstiles at the Leppings. In 2009, on the 20th anniversary of the disaster, Liverpool's request that their Champions League quarter-finals return leg, scheduled for 15 April, be played the day before was granted. In total, ninety-seven people died as a result of injuries incurred during the disaster. Shortly before kick-off, in an attempt to ease overcrowding outside the entrance turnstiles, the police match commander, David Duckenfield, ordered exit gate C to be opened, leading to an influx of supporters entering the pens. From 2007, an annual Hillsborough Memorial service was held at Spion Kop, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. With 97 deaths and 766 injuries, it has the highest death toll in British sporting history. There is a permanent memorial to the 96 fans who died, in the form of a bench in view of the battlefield at a nearby lodge. "[112] Therefore, evidence such as witness statements which had been altered were classed as inadmissible. The Hillsborough inquest jury must answer a detailed questionnaire before delivering their verdicts. Tuesday 26 April 2016, 6:25pm Details of how and when the 96 Hillsborough disaster victims died: John Alfred Anderson, 62 - Cause of death: traumatic rupture of the abdominal aorta. [62] Other fundraising activities included a Factory Records benefit concert and several fundraising football matches. About sharing . South Yorkshire Metropolitan Ambulance Service, Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police, White v Chief Constable of the South Yorkshire Police, Champions League quarter-finals return leg, Coverage of the Hillsborough disaster by The Sun, South Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner, List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll, "Five Hillsborough myths dispelled by inquests jury", "1989: Football fans crushed at Hillsborough", "Liverpool fan's death ruled as 97th of Hillsborough disaster", "Hillsborough Disaster: From tragedy to truth", "The legacy of Hillsborough how football has changed", "Out of the ashes of Hillsborough, modern football was born", "High court quashes Hillsborough inquest verdicts", "Not 'justice' but full truth may finally be possible for Hillsborough victims", "Hillsborough papers: Cameron apology over 'double injustice', "Hillsborough disaster: David Cameron apologises for 'double injustice', "Hillsborough inquests jury rules 96 victims were unlawfully killed", "South Yorkshire police chief suspended after Hillsborough verdict", "The great betrayal: how the Hillsborough families were failed by the justice system", "Five Hillsborough Myths Dispelled by Inquests Jury", "Before Hillsborough fans were seen as terrace fodder. "[318], Further extracts from what Eileen Delaney said can be found on the Hillsborough Justice Campaign website[319] and in Phil Scraton's book Hillsborough: The Truth. The decision angered the families, many of whom felt the inquests were unable to consider the response of the police and other emergency services after that time. [125] The report concluded that the then Conservative MP for Sheffield Hallam, Irvine Patnick, passed inaccurate and untrue information from the police to the press. [170] In early October, Bettison announced his retirement, becoming the first senior figure to step down since publication of the panel's report.[171][172][173]. Police 'got away with' Hillsborough safety before disaster, inquest Troubador. An apology appeared on page 10, reiterating previous statements that the 1989 headline had been an error of judgement. Another survivor had spent eight years in psychiatric care. That's why I am so grateful to my city and so proud of my city. This is our response", "Hillsborough inquest verdict: the front pages", "As disgusting as it is unsurprising. September 2012 Hillsborough disaster report (7.25 megabytes), 1915 British football match-fixing scandal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hillsborough_disaster&oldid=1141795975, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2022, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles to be expanded from January 2022, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Christine Gifford, expert in the field of access to information. A 20 minute video of the disaster in Windows Media Player format. A terrible crowd crush claimed the lives of 96 innocen. In 1997 Lord Justice Stuart-Smith concluded that there was no justification for a new inquiry. They see themselves whenever possible as victims, and resent their victim status; yet at the same time they wallow in it. [37] At 2:46pm, the BBC's football commentator John Motson had already noticed the uneven distribution of people in the Leppings Lane pens. List of archive and library material relating to the disaster held at Sheffield City Council's Libraries and Archives. Although Liverpool had more supporters, Nottingham Forest was allocated the larger area, to avoid the approach routes of rival fans crossing. [166][167][168], Following the inquests verdicts, South Yorkshire police announced it would refer the actions of its officers to the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC). [301] Leeds United chairman Ken Bates endorsed this call in the club programme and stated, "Leeds have suffered at times with reference to Galatasaray; some of our so-called fans have also been guilty as well, particularly in relation to Munich." These were formally given to the inquests at 11:00 on 26 April 2016. A Liverpool fan who suffered life-changing injuries in the Hillsborough disaster has died. Flames were added either side of the Liverpool F.C. [181][182], In April 2016, the Crown Prosecution Service announced that it would consider bringing charges against both individuals and corporate bodies once the criminal investigation by the Independent Police Complaints CommissionOperation Resolvehad been completed. That was after the IPCC's Hillsborough Contact team had received 230 pieces of correspondence since October 2012. [4] The disaster led to a number of safety improvements in the largest English football grounds, notably the elimination of fenced standing terraces in favour of all-seater stadiums in the top two tiers of English football. Solicitor Peter Metcalf, former Chief Superintendent Donald Denton, and former Detective Chief Inspector Alan Foster were all charged with perverting the course of justice,[189][190] for having altered 68 police officers' statements in order to "mask the failings" of the police force. Four officers resigned and seven were disciplined over the incident. In April 2016, a private prosecution was launched on behalf of victims' relatives against both SYP and the West Midlands Police force (who had investigated the actions of SYP), alleging a concerted cover-up designed to shift blame away from the police. Had it been reversed, the disaster could well have occurred in a similar manner but to Nottingham supporters". Now they are customers to be wooed and cosseted", "Deaths and Injuries at Major Accidents at British Football Stadiums", "Hillsborough families call for Sheffield Wednesday manslaughter inquiry", "How Bradford fire neglect left Hillsborough doomed to disaster", "Safety failings that contributed to death of 96 Liverpool fans were foreseeable", "Sheffield licensing officer from time of Hillsborough disaster still works for council", "Sky Blues fans recall Hillsborough choas", "Hillsborough warning signs were there in 1987", "David Bernstein makes unreserved apology for Hillsborough disaster", "Witness statement of Chief Superintendent Brian Mole, South Yorkshire Police", "Hillsborough inquest hears of police commander's transfer before match", "Hillsborough police officer in command 'had little training' for 1989 FA Cup", "4 Death on the Terraces: The Contexts and Injustices of the 1989 Hillsborough Disaster", "BBC Panorama 2013: Hillsborough Disaster.

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